Which method is commonly used to assess lead levels in paint?

The correct choice, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), is widely recognized as an effective method for assessing lead levels in paint. This non-destructive testing technique involves directing X-rays onto a painted surface. When the X-rays interact with the lead molecules, they cause the atoms to emit secondary X-rays that are characteristic of lead. By analyzing these emissions, it is possible to determine the presence and concentration of lead in the paint quickly and accurately.

Using XRF has numerous advantages, including the ability to provide immediate results in the field without requiring sample collection or laboratory analysis. This efficiency is crucial for risk assessors who need to make timely decisions regarding safety in environments where lead exposure may occur.

In contrast, visual inspection only is insufficient for accurately assessing lead levels, as it can identify deteriorating paint but not quantify lead content. Manual scraping of paint samples may provide some information, but it involves collecting samples that then must be sent to a laboratory for analysis, which can delay results and increase the risk of exposure during the sampling process. Thermal imaging is primarily used for identifying temperature differences in materials and is not suited for detecting lead in paint. Therefore, XRF is the most comprehensive and efficient method available for assessing lead levels in paint.