Which federal agency regulates lead-based paint activities?

The correct choice is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because this agency is primarily responsible for regulating activities related to lead-based paint under the Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP) Rule. The EPA oversees programs and regulations that are intended to minimize lead exposure, especially in homes built before 1978, when lead-based paint was banned for residential use. The agency establishes guidelines for lead hazard evaluations and implements enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance with lead safety measures in various settings.

The other agencies, while involved in related public health and safety matters, do not specifically regulate lead-based paint activities. For example, OSHA focuses on workplace safety and health regulations, the CDC provides guidance and public health recommendations regarding lead exposure but does not regulate paint activities, and NIOSH primarily conducts research and makes recommendations to ensure safe working conditions but does not have regulatory authority over lead-based paint.