Can lead be absorbed through the skin?

Lead is primarily hazardous when ingested or inhaled because these routes allow for effective absorption into the bloodstream and subsequent systemic toxicity. Ingesting lead-contaminated dust or paint chips is a significant risk, particularly for children who may unknowingly consume lead from their environment. Inhalation is also concerning, especially in occupational settings where lead-containing particles can become airborne.

While some substances can be absorbed through the skin, lead does not readily penetrate intact skin in significant amounts. Research indicates that dermal absorption of lead is minimal, making ingestion and inhalation the predominant pathways for lead poisoning. This underscores the importance of addressing environmental lead hazards through proper cleaning and management strategies rather than relying on skin exposure mitigation alone.

This understanding is critical for risk assessors to help identify potential lead exposure scenarios and implement effective preventive measures.